Preventing Mother to Child transmission of Tuberculosis Using Bacillus Calmatte - Guerine Vaccine: A Deterministic Modelling Approach

Abstract

The must critical stage in the development of a child is the infant stages because their immune system is not yet well developed. At this stage they can easily be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and are also more likely to develop active TB than older people. In this study, we present a mathematical model of effect of bacillus calmette-guérin vaccine in preventing mother to child transmission of tuberculosis. We established the Disease free and the endemic equilibrium states and carried out the stability analysis of the Disease free equilibrium state (the state of complete eradication of Tuberculosis from the entire population). Tuberculosis can be eradicated completely if the total removal rate from the Infectious class is greater than the total number of latent infections produced throughout the infectious period. This can be achieved by effective immunization of new born infants against infection using BCG vaccines.