English for Scientific Purposes: A Retrospective Appraisal of Practice at Federal University of Technology, Minna

Abstract

The concept of English for Special Purposes (ESP) was introduced into Nigeria through the Communication Skills Project and was initially embraced as an innovative methodology that would address students’ deficiencies in higher academic reading and writing. The learner–centered approach advocated by Hutchinson and Waters led to the designing of a new course to teach the ESP sub-category known as English for Science and Technology (EST). The focus was primarily on needs analysis, material production, and preparing learners to communicate effectively in their fields of specialization. For two decades, this approach impacted positively on language learning and use. However, in recent times it has experienced a number of challenges that have had an adverse effect on the quality of student learning and for the much desired development of science and technology in Nigeria. The process of implementing an EST course and the difficulties of maintaining teaching quality are examined in this review. Recommendations are also made to help inform future directions for the ESP/EST approach in a second language learning context such as found at Federal University of Technology, Minna.