Application of Crypto-Blockchain Technology for Securing Electronic Voting Systems

Abstract

The emergence of blockchain technology is indispensable and globally noticed as an efficient security countermeasure for online business, banking transactions, networking, and smart system-based Internet of Things (IoT). The blockchain utilized the advantages of the decentralization system and the crypto-hash method to provide unauthorized access among the chain participants. It provides data privacy, is immutable, prevents fraud, and avoids records tampering by an individual in the network. These prospects and possibilities validate blockchain confidence as an adequate security measure in the era of IoT and smart systems. However, this research proposes an integration of security countermeasure to enhance the adoption of smart electronic voting systems for election processes using blockchain technology with bi-factors authentication methods. The private blockchain technique is adopted to provide immutability, avoid records tampering, and ensure records transactions’ integrity and reliability. Using the Paillier homomorphic encryption algorithm on the decentralized system-based blockchain and electronic voting system through bi-factors certification and secrecy (Iris and Fingerprint). The system performance was proved better during testing with a false acceptance rate (FAR) of 0.02% and false rejection rate (FRR) of 0.1%. The crypto-blockchain technique using the Paillier homomorphic encryption performs well with moderate latency during certification execution and data retrieval timing.