Alterations in Serum Urea, Creatinine, and Electrolytes Concentrations in Wistar Rats Following Repeated Administration of Methanol Extracts of Azanza garckeana Pulp

Abstract

The effect of air-dry and sun-dry methanol extracts of Azanza garckeana pulp on serum urea, creatinine and electrolytes concentrations of Wister rats were evaluated. A total of thirty-five (35) rats were grouped into seven (7) of five rats each. Group A-C were given 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bw air-dried methanol extract of A. garckeana pulp respectively, groups D-F were given 150, 300 and 600 mg/kg bw sun-dried methanol extract of A. garckeana pulp respectively while group G serve as the normal control. All treatments were administered orally twice a day (morning and evening) for a period of 2 weeks. Both extracts of A. garckeana pulp caused a dose dependent significant (p<0.05) increase in serum sodium, potassium and, decreases urea and uric acid levels when compared with the control rats. However, the extracts did not cause any significant (p>0.05) alterations to the levels of chloride and bicarbonate concentration when compared with the control group. The creatinine levels in rats treated with air-dry extract decreases (p<0.05) while those treated with the sun-dry extract compared well (p>0.05) with the control group. In conclusion, the extracts alter some functional integrity of kidney with more pronounced effect at higher dose, thus caution should be exercise when using A. garckeana for oral remedy.