EEffects of Cold and Hot Extraction Processes on Phytochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Activities of Methanol Extract of Taminalia catappa Leaves

Abstract

The effects of cold and hot extraction processes on phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Taminalia catappa leaves were carried out using standard methods. The qualitative screening of hot methanol extracted sample (HTC) revealed the presence of total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, reducing sugars, phlobatannins, anthraquinones, glycosides and steroids while cold methanol extracted sample (CTC) showed the presence of all aforementioned phytochemicals except reducing sugars and steroids. Both extracts exhibit percentage scavenging activities of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl radicals (DPPH) in dose dependent manner with the highest percentage in 1000μg/mL (70.14 ± 0.06 and 50.30 ± 0.24) % and lowest at 125 μg/mL (62.37 ± 0.41 and 44.31 ± 0.21) % for CTC and HTC respectively. The percentage inhibition of lipid peroxidation is significantly high in HTC (84.14 ± 0.05) % when compared with CTC (70.14 ± 0.06) % at the concentration of 1000 μg/mL. Although, the % DPPH scavenging activities of both extracts are not comparable to the Gallic acid at 1000 μg/mL (77.83 ± 0.06) % as well as other concentrations (500, 250 and 125 μg/mL). However, HTC exhibits better percentage inhibition of lipid peroxidation (84.14 ± 0.05) % compared with Gallic acid (77.62 ± 0.50) % at 1000 μg/mL. Therefore, both CTC and HTC can further be explored for the management of oxidative-stress related diseases.