In-vitro anti-typhoid efficacy of anisoquinolone derivative from Bligha sapida Koenig seeds

Abstract

Qualitative and quantitative screening of the 70% ethanol extractof Blighasapidaseeds(labeled B) revealed astrong presence of alkaloids. Separation and extraction of the crude alkaloidal portion(labeled Ba)ofextractBusing chromatographic techniquesledto the isolation and purification of a compound (labeled Ba3i). Structural elucidation of compound Ba3iusingphysical,chemicaland spectralrevealedit as3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2H-isoquinolin-1-onein comparison with literature data.In-vitroanti-typhoid assay ofB, Ba and Ba3i against typhoid andparatyphoid strainsusing the agardilution method revealed that all test compoundsshowed no activity against S. typhiin comparison with Ciprofloxacin. The extract B, at 1000 μg/cm3was active against Salmonella paratyphiA, B and C, while, the alkaloidal portion, Ba and isolated compound, Ba3i, at 500 μg/cm3and 100 μg/cm3respectively wereactive against S. paratyphiB and C only.The findings from this studyhave provided some evidence for the ethnomedicinal use of the seeds of B. sapidaas an antibacterial agent and in treatment of fevers, especially those caused by paratyphoid bacilli.