Ganoderma lucidum chitosan nanoparticles-encapsulated Senna occidentalis root phenolics attenuate lead-induced haematological alterations in Wistar Rats

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of Ganoderma lucidum chitosan nanoparticlc –encapsulated Senna occidentalis phenolics (ChNPs-PSOR) on lead-induced haematological alteration in rats. Eight groups (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII and VllI) of Wistar rats comprising of 6 rats each were used for the study. Haematological alteration was mduced in groups I-V II by administering lead-acetate 10 mg/kg body weight (2 ml/kg), thereafter group I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII and VllI received 10 mg/kg body weight of ChNPs-PSOR, 20 mg/kg body weight of ChNPs-PSOR, 20 mg/kg body weight of Senna occidentalis root phenolic (PSOR), non-encapsulated standard drug calcium disodium edetate (CaNa2-Edetate.ChNPs and CaNa2-Edetate) and normal saline (2mL/kg). . Phenolics contents (mg/g) of both extracts showed total phenols (26.82 mg/g), flavonoids (15.84) and tannins (12.15) with LD 50 > 2000 mg/kg bw. Significant depression of PCV, RBC, MCHC, HB, MCV, MCH, neutrophils and lymphocytes counts with elevation of WBC, PLC and RDWC were observed in negative control group when compared with naive control group. The administration of ChNPs-PSOR and CaNa2-Edetate were able to significantly (p < 0.05) revert the haematological changes in lead induced toxicity rats when compared with other groups. Therefore, ChNPs-PSOR restore the haematological abnormalities arise from lead-induce toxicity in rats and chitosan nanoparticles-encapsulation improves the standard drug efficacy. Hence, ChNPs-PSOR can be exploited further for drug development for the management of lead toxicity.