AN OVERVIEW ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF POLYETHYLENE GENERATION AND DISPOSAL IN AFRO-TROPICAL FRESHWATER ECO- SYSTEM

Abstract

Plastics have become a modern way of life, with numerous consequences for both humans and the natural environment especially in developing and developed countries. The Nigeria fresh coastal water generally is contaminated with micro-plastic debris which floats on the surface. Plastic accumulation in our environment as a result of improper disposal or shipping splits, they are light weight, durable and are capable of travelling long distances. Soil landfill, soil leachate, unofficial recycling methods releasing chemical to the environment, burning of plastic coated wires, tyres to roast animal, nylon eating bacteria, oil and detergent containers all these contaminate are discharged into streams, river and ocean which enter into aquatic food chain causing hazardous long term carcinogenic effects to fishes, animal and human beings due to the release of diethylhexyl phythalate, lead, mercury, cadmium and as alternative materials for invasive species (barnacle, mollusc and algae, cetacean, turtle, birds) which obstruct the digestive system causing tissue damage by the toxic chemicals called polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs). Thus, this micro-plastics waste poses various threats to public and adversely affects flora and fauna as well as the environment especially when it is not appropriately collected and properly disposed. However, flavo-bacterial contributes to release of methane gas from nylon break down contributing to greenhouse gas resulting into global warming. It is concluded that aggressive campaign and enlightenment of the masses on the threats posed by polyethylene pollution should be carried out to prevent further negative environmental impact