Effects of Different Substrates Composition on the Growth of Pleurotus ostreatus and pleurotus florida

Abstract

The nutritional composition of mushroom is majorly affected by the growth substrate and the method of cultivation. This research evaluated the growth performance of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus florida on sawdust (Mahogany), rice bran, corn flour, yam peel, corn flour + maize bran, sawdust + maize bran, yam peel + sawdust. Preparation of substrates was carried out by weighing 2kg of each sterilized substrate homogenously mixed with calcium carbonate in a bag. The spawns were inoculated with sterile knife on the substrate. The bags were then tied and left in a dark room at room temperature and good ventilation for 21 days. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results on morphological studies on P. florida growth revealed that the mushroom grown on sawdust has highest value in height (7.50 cm) and weight (12.13 g). Mushroom grown on maize bran has the highest value of length of stipe (5.23 cm) and sawdust+ yam peel has the highest maturity period of (6.67 days). Mushroom grown on sawdust+ yam peel has the highest number of fruiting body (367) and highest number of days for pin head formation was recorded in sawdust (51.00). The results on P. ostreatus growth revealed that, mushroom grown in substrates sawdust + maize bran has highest value in height (7.03 cm). Mushroom grown on maize bran has the highest value in weight (18.66 g). Sawdust has the (3.40 cm) value in length of stipe and number of days for pin head formation of mushroom growth. Mushroom grown in substrate maize bran has the highest number of fruiting body (7.00). the result of proximate composition of P. florida grown in sawdust was 16.1115 % moisture content followed by sawdust + rice bran (14.55 %). Sawdust + rice bran recorded 17.70 % fibre followed y maize bran (15.30 %). Mushroom grown on rice bran, sawdust + rice bran was recorded highest in ash content (14.05 %) while sawdust + rice bran was 17.00 % in protein followed by maize bran (14.65 %). The highest percentage of carbohydrate was obtained from mushroom grown on yam peel (67.65 %) while the least was 21.70 % on sawdust + rice bran. In P. ostreatus highest percentage of moisture content and fibre was obtained (16.70 %) and (16.95 %), respectively. Mushroom grown on maize bran was having the highest percentage of lipid and protein (8.55 %) and (17.50 %) respectively. Percentage ash was highest in mushroom grown on rice bran (14.05%) followed by sawdust (13.65 %). Mushroom grown in corn flour +maize bran produced the highest percentage of carbohydrate (64.95 %).