EXTRACTION OF ADHESIVE FROM GUILL AND PERR (CISSUS POPULNEA) FOR PARTICLEBOARD PRODUCTION USING RICE HUSK

Abstract

Abstract

Preliminary analysis of the constituent materials of a particleboard shows that by replacement of its major constituent (urea formaldehyde and saw dust) with locally sourced material that has a pozzolanic effect can enable it to become more durable. Rice husk was found to possess some of these composite properties (cellulose, lignin and silica) which can therefore stand as better substitute if properly worked on. The study focuses on the extraction of organic adhesives from the Guill and Perr plant (Cissus populnea) for particleboard production using rice husk. The adhesive was extracted using a soxhlet apparatus at different operating conditions (temperature, extraction time and sample dosage) with an optimum temperature of 75 °C, and 40 g sample dosage at 90 minutes for fresh sample using Ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent. Proximate/elemental analysis of the extract shows a viscosity of 0.29 . , density of 1.25 / , 42.8 w/w % of carbon, ash content of 3.12 w/w %, protein of 5.56 w/w %, Fat content of 0.68 w/w %, fiber content 1.12 w/w % while an FTIR analysis of the extract shows the presence of carboxylic group at wave number of 1680.64 . In this study, the method reported by Azumah (2014) from Shanghai Jinnan Import and Export Co. Ltd in line with the manufacturing process of particleboard was viewed under the following stages: Pre- treatment/Chip preparation stage, Drying and sizing stage, Adhesive regulating and applying stage. Others are: simulation and fabrication of Mould Stage, Forming and hot-pressing stage, Cooling and sizing stage and finally Characterisation stage. From the various particleboards produced, the result from the sample tagged J with 1:3 adhesive to rice husk ratio (wt. %) at 70ºC within a pressing time of 10 minutes shows the best Modulus of Elasticity (410 N/mm2), Modulus of Rupture (19.04 N/mm2) with an average density of 1013kg/m3 and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showing the surface morphology and the level of compactedness between the adhesive and the aggregate proportion of rice husk used. This was compared with the conventional boards and it shows similar mechanical properties and met the LD-1 requirement of ANSI A208.1Standards.