BIO-BRIQUETTES PRODUCTION FROM AGRICULTURAL RESIDUES: A REVIEW OF BINDERS, METHODS AND CHARACTERIZATION

Abstract

This review investigates the utilization of waste biomass as a feedstock for bio-briquette production, focusing on materials derived from agricultural crops. The study explores different bio-briquette production methods, including pyrolyzed densification using a binder, direct densification with binders, and binderless briquetting. The selection and impact of binders on briquette properties are discussed, considering factors like availability, cost, moisture content, and desired energy content. Furthermore, the study delves into the characterization of bio-briquettes, analyzing their physical, mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties. Key parameters evaluated include density, durability, moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content, fixed carbon, heating value, ignition time, and burning rate. Overall, this study underscores the potential of waste biomass-based bio-briquettes in addressing energy demands sustainably and mitigating environmental impacts, supporting the transition towards a greener and more environmentally friendly future. The insights gained from this research can serve as a valuable guide for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders in advancing the adoption of bio-briquettes in Africa as a cleaner and more sustainable energy solution which stated in banana nut which is 29.49Mj/kg, Banana peels/corn cobs 26.36Mj/kg, Corn starch waste 10.30Mj/kg, Banana Leave 17.70Mj/kg, Baggasse and Cofe Husk 11.13Mj/kg, Baggasse 18.38Mj/kg, Hazelnut shell 18.89Mj/kg, and Durian Peel 6274.29kcal/kg.