Antibacterial Activity of Coffee Senna (Senna occidentalis) Seed

Abstract

Chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous extracts of S. occidentalis seed were evaluated for antibacterial potential by agar well diffusion and broth dilution techniques. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity by inhibiting the growth of S. aureus; S. pyogenes; Enterococcus spp; L. monocytogenes; E. coli; K. pneumonia; and S. dysentria with Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) ranging from 5 to 10 mg/mL and 10 to 20 mg/mL respectively. It was however inactive against B. subtilis P.aeruginosa and S. typhi. Components of the ethyl acetate extract were separated by column chromatography and subjected to antibacterial and phytochemical analysis. Fractions F7 and F11 had the highest antibacterial activities. Fractions F7 had a MIC range of 0. 62 to 1.25 mg/mL and an MBC range of 1.25 to 2.5 mg/mL while fractions F11 also had a MIC range of 0.62 to 1.25mg/mL and an MBC range of 2.5 to 5 mg/mL.