Phytochemical and anti-typhoid potential of Terminalia avicennioides. Book of proceedings of the 1st CAZE International Conference, Federal University Dutse Nigeria, 2024 523-527

Abstract

The phytochemical screening and the anti-typhoid potential of Terminalia avicennioides leaf extract was investigated in other to verify its ethnomedicinal claim in the treatment of typhoid fever.Thin layer chromatography (TLC), was used to determine the presence of the phytochemical constituent and the anti-typhoid activity of methanol leaf extract, Acetone leaf extract, Petroleum ether leaf extract and methanol solube fraction of Terminalia avicennioides was tested against Salmonella typhi collected from Ahmadu Bello University (ABUTH) Shika, Zaria, using the Agar well diffusion method. The phytochemical screening carried out on the methanol leaf extract using thin layer chromatography (TLC) revealed that phenolic compounds and terpenoids were present and alkaloid absent. The anti-typhoid activity of T. avicennioides leaf extracts against Salmonella typhi showed significant inhibitory activity against Salmonella typhi with the methanol soluble fraction showing the highest zone of inhibition (31±0.62) mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value obtained was 6.25 mg/ml while Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was 12.5 mg/ml. It can be concluded that the leaves of Terminalia avicennioides possess anti- typhoid activity.