Hypoglycemic potentials and Effects of Nigerian Leech (Aliolimnatis michaelseni) Saliva Extract on biochemical parameters in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that results in increased blood glucosc levcls.Glucose tolerant test (OGTT), a-Amylase inhibition and acute toxicity tests of the l.ccch Saliva Extract (LSE) were conducted, while blood glucosc levels were monitored. Also biochemical parameters including Aspartate ammo transaminase (AST), Alanine amino transaminase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and lipid profile were also analyzed. A total of 25 rats (120.0 + 5.0 g) were divided into five groups (A-E) of 5 rats each. All treatments were administered intraperitoncally. LSI: had l.Dwgreater tlian 5ml/kg bodyweight and exert dose dependent a- Amylase Inhibitory with the highest Inhibitory effects of 13.46% at 3.0ml. A significant (p<0.05) reduction in fasting blood glucose levels of 170.00 A 5.64 mg/dl and 148.04 ± 4.56 mg/dl coupled with improvements in body weight of 129.05 ± 3.65g and 132.05 ± 3.00g were observed in alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with the LSE when compared with ihe untreated rats with 375.57 ± I2.56mg/dl and 108.34 ± 6.76g body weight respectively. The administration of 1 ml and 2ml/kg body weight of LSE to diabctic rats significantly (p<0.05) decrease the total cholesterol (TC) (94±5.52 and 8814.55 mg/dl). Triglycerides (TAG) (68±9.31 and 6l±1.19 mg/dl). LDL-C (57 ±8.62 and 56A5.55 mg/dl) and AST (38±2.64 and 69±3.00 U/L) HDL-C (105±6.18 and 101±3.39 mg/dl) while a significant (p<0.05) increase in the level of AST (92±6.80U/1), TAG (135± 19.50 mg/dl), TC (138±19.87mg/dl). LDL (69 +0.59 mg/dl) and decrease HDL (74 ±7.4mg/dl) were observed in the diabctic untreated rats