Three Dimensional Graphene Electrode for Lithium Ion Batteries: Opportunities and Chalenges

Abstract

Abstract Graphene has been considered to be extremely attractive and ideally suited for implementation in energy storage applications and to bring a huge improvement in the performance of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) due to its large electrical conductivity, vast surface area, unique heterogeneous electron transfer and charge carrier rates, widely applicable electro-catalytic activity, and low production costs. Despite the unique properties of 2D graphene, restacking of the graphene sheets has been one of the greatest setbacks in their applications in LIBs. To overcome this, 2D graphene is fabricated into 3D hierarchical frame works, the balanced space organization radically relieves the self-restacking of graphene layers. The 3D materials also inherit intrinsic physical properties of 2D graphene. This study starts with a brief introduction, concept and working principle of LIBs, graphene and highlighting the function of 3D graphene as electrode materials. The preceding sections laid the foundation for the discussion on the review of various electrodes used in LIBs, the issues and efforts to offer solutions to these problems.