In vitro OVICIDAL A CTIVITY OF Parkia biglobosa SEEDS AND LEAVES EXTRACTS AGAINST Haemo

Abstract

The frequent use of synthetic anthelmintic over many years has led to the development of drug resistance to parasitic infection nematodes. This study was carried out to evaluate the ovicidal activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of seeds and leaves of P. biglobosa used as anthelmintic. The anthelmintic activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of seeds and leaves of P. biglobosa was evaluated in vitro using egg hatch assay. The extraction of plant materials and phytochemical screening of extracts were done using standard protocols. Fresh eggs of Haemonchus contortus were collected from the abomasal contents of goats slaughtered in abattoir. Approximately, 300 freshly collected H. contortus eggs in 0.1 ml of distilled water were distributed into 96 flat bottomed micro titre plates and mixed with equal volume of different concentrations 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32mg/ml of each plant extract and positive control (Albendazole). The negative control received PBS with diluents and the eggs solution. The eggs were incubated in this mixture at 27 0C for 6 days. The experiment was carried out in triplicate for both controls and extracts. The results revealed that, crude aqueous extract of seed, crude methanol extract of seed and crude aqueous extract of leaves produced 100% inhibition of hatchability of H. contortus eggs at 2 mg/ml. The crude methanol extract of leaves only produced 100% inhibition of eggs hatchability at 4 mg/ml but at 2mg/ml, 88.9% of eggs were inhibited from hatching. The higher ovicidal activity in this study, may be attributed to the phytochemical constituents present in the extracts working individually or in synergy. From the study, it can be concluded that aqueous and methanol extracts of seeds and leaves of P. biglobosa have ovicidal activity against H. contortus. It is therefore, recommended that in vitro study should be carried out on other developmental stages of H. contortus and possibly in vivo study and biosafety potentials of this plant be evaluated in goat.