Identification and characterization of microbial community of anaerobic digested poultry litter

Abstract

Livestock farming have resulted in the release of excessive wastes which, contains abundant organic matter and microbial population. The need to develop an alternative and sustainable methods to minimize the waste generated and it effects on the environment led to the application of anaerobic digestion (AD) for the treatment of waste and generation of methane gas. The study focused on investigation of the microbiome involve in AD of poultry litter and was conducted using poultry litter as organic substrate under batch conditions at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of fifty-six (56) days in fifteen (15) liter fabricated digesters at 37OC. The pH, total solid (TS), moisture content (MC) total ammonia nitrogen, volatile solid (VS) was assessed before and after digestion while the microbial community diversity was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon-based next-generation sequencing (NGS). The results indicated a pH of 7.91±0.04 before digestion and 7.33±0.06 after digestion and a TS value of 56.40±0.6% before digestion and 6.30±0.34% after digestion. A collective biogas yield of 5.21±21.00 bars were recorded. The characterization of biogas analyzed with non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas analyzer (gas board 3100p) revealed a percentage methane content of 50.31±1.33. The microbial community indicate Bacteroidetes (46.37%), Firmicutes (48.37%), Proteobacteria (8.17%), as the most dominant phylum. This study suggests the importance of molecular analysis as a fundamental tool to gain insight and deeper understanding of anaerobic digester performances.