Antibacterial Effect of Ximenia Americana (Linn), Piper Guineese (Schum ET Thonn) and Dissortis Rotundifolia Triana (Pier).

Abstract

Overcoming antibiotic resistance is one major issue of Health authorities in this millennium. The current study was undertaken to explore the antibacterial activities of some traditionally acclaimed traditional plants ( Ximenia americana, Piper guineensis, Dissortis rotudifolia triana). Aqueous extracts of each plant material was subjected to phytochemical screening. Antibiogram was also carried out against four bacterial organisms Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella gallinarum, Pasteurella multocida and Klebsiell aerogenes. Results of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, carbohydrates steroids and cardiac glycoside in all of the extracts. Alkaloids and cyanogenic glycosides were only detected in Ximenia americana and Dissortis rotundifolia triana. The extract displayed varied antibiogram activities against the four organisms with varied minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and zones of inhibition. Ximenia americana root extract showed the highest inhibition on pasteurella mutocida,Klebsiella aerogenes and Salmonella gallinarum had the least MIC when compared to the other extracts. However Dissortis rotundifolia triana whole twigs exhibited the highest activity against Salmonella gallinarum. The presence of these phytochemicals may form the basis for the antimicrobial activities. Our findings also substantiate the use of these medicinal plants/herbs by traditional healers in the treatment of common bacterial infections and other ailment in humans and animals.