Physico-chemical Assessment of some Selected Hand Dug Wells Water in Bida Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria

Abstract

Physico-chemial analyses of selected hand dug wells in Bida Metropolis of Bida Local Government Area of Niger State were conducted. Twenty five water samples were collected from selected hand dug wells in the study area. The analysis was aimed at determining the physic-chemical parameters and safety of the water samples for consumption and domestic purposes. The results were compared with world health organization standard and National standard for drinking water quality limits. From the result of the analysis, it was found that PH value of the samples has the highest value of 7.56 (Alkaline), bicarbonate ranges from 0.52 mg/l to 47.94 mg/l. Chlorine ranges from 29.40 mg/l to 161.7 mg/l. The result of BOD and COD ranges from 8.00 mg/l to 17.0 mg/l and 16.0 mg/l to 56.0 mg/l respectively, it was found that turbidity test range from 0.30 NTU to 1.94 NTU. The electrical conductivity of the hand dug well water samples range from 93 ohms/cm to 1583 ohms/cm the mean average value of total dissolve solid was 186.33 mg/l and the result of calcium ranges between 3.36 mg/l to 65.60 mg/l. All the analyzed samples fall within the allowable limit of world health organization standard and National standard for drinking water quality. Therefore the water samples were free from all health related diseases like kidney stone, constipation and others. Hand dug well should be constructed at least 15 m away from waste dumpsite, pit latrine or soak away.