Evaluating the Suitability of using Periwinkle Shells as Partial Replacement of Bida Natural Gravel in Concrete Production

Abstract

This Research work investigate the suitability of using Periwinkle Shells (PS) to partially replace Bida Natural Gravel (BNG) in concrete production. Tests were carried out to determine the physical properties of the Fine aggregates, BNG and PS. Mechanical properties of the concrete produced using BNG as coarse aggregates and partially replace with PS where also determined. The Department of Environment (DOE) British method of concrete mix ration for 0.5 water/cement ratio was used to obtain the mix ratio of 1: 2.17: 4.02. A total of 120 specimens consisting of 60 number of concrete cubes of sizes 150mmx150mmx150mm and 60 number of concrete prisms (beam) of sizes 500mmx100mmx100mm with different percentages by weight of BNG:PS as coarse aggregates in the order of 100:0%, 95:5%, 90:10%, 85:15% and 80:20% were cast and cured for 7, 14, 21 & 28 days after which their compressive and flexural strengths were determined respectively. The concrete developed in this research work has slump ranging from 19 – 35mm, compressive strength ranging from 11.60 – 20.40 N/mm2 and flexural strength ranging from 3.1 – 12.7 N/mm2. This is an indication that concrete produced with periwinkle shell as partial replacement for Bida Natural Gavel can be used for structural application in structures such as in the construction of beams, columns and in foundation of buildings.